IPSec
From Linux 101, The beginner's guide to all things Linux.
IPSec is a security standard for IP networking. The IPSec standard covers encryption and authentication.
IPSec is optional for IPv4 (the currently used version of the IP protocol)
IPSec is required for IPv6 networking (the slowly-being-phased-in version of the IP protocol)
The Linux kernel supports IPSec for both IPv4 and IPv6. Cryptographic support is provided by the Linux CryptoAPI.
More information: Wikipedia Article: IPSec
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